fix: restore auth-adapter middleware for LiteLLM auth
LiteLLM's os.environ/ substitution doesn't work in extra_headers,
causing "Authentication required" errors. The auth-adapter middleware
translates Bearer tokens to x-api-key headers reliably.
Changes:
- Restore src/auth-adapter.ts for header translation
- Route LiteLLM through auth-adapter -> anthropic-proxy
- Add volume for anthropic-proxy session persistence
- Simplify litellm-config.yaml (use api_key, not extra_headers)
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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>