feat(components): add Phase 4.2 theme and extension systems
- theme.js: Theme registration, switching, token inheritance
- Built-in light/dark themes
- Custom theme registration with extends option
- System theme detection and auto-follow
- Token getters/setters for runtime customization
- ThemeMixin for theme-aware components
- extension.js: Extension loader for content scripts/popups
- ExtensionContext for managing extension resources
- Shadow DOM container creation for style isolation
- CSS injection helpers
- initContentScript/initPopup quick-setup helpers
- Update index.js with theme and extension exports
- Document theme and extension APIs in README