docs(api): add protocol classes to API reference (Packable, AbstractIndex, DataSource)
Generate quartodoc pages for protocol types that define the library's
extension points:
- Packable: structural protocol for packable sample types
- IndexEntry: common interface for index entries
- AbstractIndex: protocol for index operations (LocalIndex, AtmosphereIndex)
- AbstractDataStore: protocol for data storage operations
- DataSource: protocol for shard streaming
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>