Fix Callosum feedback loop causing 200KB+ log lines
Root cause: buffer not cleared on reconnect, causing stale partial data
to corrupt messages after socket disconnect/reconnect.
Fixes:
- Clear buffer when connection drops (root cause)
- Silent JSON parse failures to prevent warning→stderr→emit loop
- Skip parsing entirely when no callback registered
- Truncate any logged content to 100 chars
Also modernized type hints (Python 3.10+) and fixed duplicate logging
setup in main() that ignored the -d/--debug flag.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>