feat(tr): add escapes, character classes, and equiv/repeat
Implements GNU coreutils compatibility for tr:
- Octal escapes \\nnn (1-3 digits, max 0o377)
- Backslash escapes \\\\, \\a, \\b, \\f, \\n, \\r, \\t, \\v
- All 12 [:class:] character classes (alnum, alpha,
blank, cntrl, digit, graph, lower, print, punct, space,
upper, xdigit)
- [=equiv=] equivalence classes as single char (default
C locale)
- [c*n] repeat-in-SET2 with octal/decimal count, [c*]
pads SET2 to SET1 length
- -c and -C as synonyms
SET2 short of SET1 (without -d -s) extends last char.
Refs: docs/posix2018/CONFORMANCE.md
Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.7 via Claude Code
Signed-off-by: Xe Iaso <me@xeiaso.net>