Validate some user provided calendar query range dates
Summary:
Calendar search form allows users to define date ranges. Entering gibberish data leads to a cryptic exception due to calling `format()` on `null`, as `AphrontFormDateControlValue::getDateTime()` can return `null` instead of a `DateTime` object.
Also add some additional PhpDoc as a result of playing with this code.
Note that other calendar query forms are more lenient and still accepts gibberish after applying this patch. The intention behind this patch is replacing a cryptic exception with a more appropriate and descriptive error; this patch does not attempt to introduce validation everywhere.
```
EXCEPTION: (Error) Call to a member function format() on null at [<phorge>/src/applications/calendar/query/PhabricatorCalendarEventSearchEngine.php:469]
```
Closes T15943
Test Plan:
* On http://phorge.localhost/calendar/query/month/, click "Edit Query", check "Occurs After", replace default date value with "abcde", click "Search" button
* On http://phorge.localhost/calendar/query/month/, click "Edit Query", check "Occurs After", replace default time value with "abcde", click "Search" button
* On http://phorge.localhost/calendar/query/month/, click "Edit Query", check "Occurs Before", replace default date value with "abcde", click "Search" button
* On http://phorge.localhost/calendar/query/month/, click "Edit Query", check "Occurs Before", replace default time value with "abcde", click "Search" button
* On http://phorge.localhost/calendar/query/day/, click "Edit Query", check "Occurs After", replace default date value with "abcde", click "Search" button
* On http://phorge.localhost/calendar/query/day/, click "Edit Query", check "Occurs After", replace default time value with "abcde", click "Search" button
* On http://phorge.localhost/calendar/query/day/, click "Edit Query", check "Occurs Before", replace default date value with "abcde", click "Search" button
* On http://phorge.localhost/calendar/query/day/, click "Edit Query", check "Occurs Before", replace default time value with "abcde", click "Search" button
Reviewers: O1 Blessed Committers, valerio.bozzolan
Reviewed By: O1 Blessed Committers, valerio.bozzolan
Subscribers: tobiaswiese, valerio.bozzolan, Matthew, Cigaryno
Maniphest Tasks: T15943
Differential Revision: https://we.phorge.it/D25825