test(printf): cover %b, %c, format reuse, width/precision, --
Documents the bash-influenced -v VAR flag as a kefka
extension (GNU printf has no -v) and adds the previously
missing tests for:
- %b escape interpretation (\\n, \\c, \\t, \\\\, \\0nnn)
- format reuse with arg list longer than the format
- width/precision (%5.3s, %-10d, %05d)
- -- separator before a literal -v format
Refs: docs/posix2018/CONFORMANCE.md
Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.7 via Claude Code
Signed-off-by: Xe Iaso <me@xeiaso.net>